2nd MISSION
AL-ANDALUS
Portal 4: The Iberian Peninsula between the 8th and the 12th centuries.
Vocabulary
MOZARAB: Iberian Christians who lived under Arab Islamic rule in Al-Andalus. They didn’t convert to Islam, but adopted Arabic customs, although in the 11th century most of them migrated towards the Christian Kingdoms.
RAID: a sudden attack behind the enemy's lines which has the specific purpose to destroy goods, obtain property and capture slaves, but not take and hold terrain.
PARIAS: a form of tribute paid by the taifas of Al-Andalus to the Christian kingdoms of the north for protection. It was a kind of vassalage. They increased the circulation of coin, at a time when precious metals, such as the gold dinar and the silver dirham, were scarce in Christian regions.
Al-Andalus:
history and political evolution
The Berbers and Tariq Ibn Ziyad.
The conquest of Spain
The Muslim conquest of Spain
Al-Andalus: economy, society, culture and art.
Al-Andalus society
The Mosque of Córdoba
The Christian kingdoms
Society and culture in the Christian kingdoms
The Reconquista every year
The Way of St. James
Romanesque art on the Iberian Peninsula
The Way (Trailer)
Portal 5: The Iberian Peninsula between the 13th and the 15th centuries.
Vocabulary
MUDEJAR: Muslims of Al-Andalus who remained in Iberia after the Christian Reconquista. There was also a group of Jews among them. Sometimes they were persecuted or driven out from the Christian Kingdoms, but there were also period of peaceful co-existence.
RECONQUISTA: (‘reconquest’) it was a period of 750 years in which several Christian kingdoms slowly expanded themselves over the Iberian Peninsula at the expense of the Muslim states of Al-Andalus. It was a process not only of war and conquest, but also repopulation of the Duero basin. The process finished with the fall of Granada, the Nasrid Kingdom conquered by the Catholic Monarchs.
EL CID CAMPEADOR: Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar's nickname, a mercenary serving both Christians and Muslims, who became a hero for the Christian side after his exploits in Valencia, where he died. The epic poem of Cantar de Mio Cid describes his adventures.
The Christian kingdoms
See above.
The Crowns of Castilla and Aragón
The Nasrid kingdom of Granada
Granada, Spain. The exquisite Alhambra
Gothic and mudejar art on the Iberian Peninsula
