2nd MISSION
WAR AND PEACE
Portal 4: Great Powers and Imperialism.
Vocabulary
OTTO VON BISMARCK: (The “Iron Chancellor” was his nickname) Born in a conservative family and son of a Prussian soldier and landowner, he was Ambassador and Minister President of Wilhelm I. After strengthening the state and modernizing the army, throughout the diplomacy with other countries and the war against Denmark, Austria and France, respectively, in 1871 he formed the German Empire with himself as Chancellor and the unification of all the German states.
VICTORIAN ERA: Period of Queen Victoria's reign from 1837 to 1901 that marked the peak of the Industrial Revolution and the British Empire with deep changes in terms of cultural sensibilities and political concerns.
SUFFRAGETTES: Members of women's organization (right to vote) movements in the late 19th and early 20th century that took advantage of their progressive emancipation thanks to delaying the age of marriage, reducing fertility rates and increasing participation of women in the labor market and the education and training system. Women over 21 were allowed to vote in the United States in 1920 and in the UK in 1928.
ANTONI GAUDÍ: Catalan architect from the early 20th century that became part of the Modernista movement in Spain. Influenced by the cast-iron architecture, his work is full of imagination and he was both a craftsman and an artist. Works: Casa Milà (La Pedrera), the Park Güell for the patron and sponsor of many of his large projects, and the Basílica i Temple Expiatori de la Sagrada Família, all of them built in Barcelona, where he was killed by a tram.
The unifications of Italy and Germany
Italian unification
The unifications of Italy and Germany
German unification
Imperialism
Imperialism
Industrialization & Imperialism (Khan Academy)
The Impressionist movement
Impressionist art
Van Gogh's dynamic picture
Impressionist exhibition
Portal 5: Imperialism and World War I.
Vocabulary
THE RED BARON: (Manfred Von Richthofen) German fighter pilot during World War I. Because of his aristocratic origins, he entered the Air Service. He began as an observer on reconnaissance missions, but was transferred to France and became a national hero in Germany with 50 victories. In 1917 he was already a squadron leader flying his celebrated red Fokker Dr. I triplane. He was shot down by a Canadian captain and killed one year later.
TROTSKY: (Born Lev Davidovich Bronshtein) he was elected president of the San Petersburg Soviet. As People’s Commissar for Foreign Affairs, he negotiated the peace with Germany. He founded the Red Army and was in favor of permanent revolution (extending the revolution to other countries). After Lenin’s death, he failed a struggle against the policies and rise of Stalin and was exiled in Mexico where he was assassinated (in 1940) on Stalin's orders, by Ramón Mercader, a Spanish-born Soviet agent.
The Great War (1914-1918)
How World War I started
WWI - Oversimplified (Part 1)
WWI - Oversimplified (Part 2)
World War I Summary
Battle of the Somme - Real Footage
Mata Hari Trailer
Paths of glory (Trailer)
War horse (Trailer)
Joyeux Noël (Trailer)
Battlefield (Trailer)
The Russian revolution (1917)
Concepts, precedents and causes
of the Russian revolution
The Russian revolution explained
Trotsky (Trailer)
Portal 6: The interwar years.
Vocabulary
EXPRESSIONISM: Artistic movement of the early 20th century, whose typical trait is to present the world solely from a subjective perspective, distorting it radically for evoking moods or ideas. Such art often occurs during times of social upheaval and sought to express meaning or emotional experience through powerful colors, heavy use of the line and great exaggerations. The term is sometimes suggestive of mock or angst and the emphasis on individual perspective has been characterized as a reaction to Impressionism. Artists: Edvard Munch y James Ensor.
CUBISM: Artistic movement of the early 20th century without a naturalist view of reality that is in search of organizing the picture through geometric forms and the predominant formal. The basic elements of the composition are the drawing, the line and the plane; the color is arbitrary. Artists: Pablo Picasso y Juan Gris.
SURREALISM: Artistic movement of the early 20th century, whose aim was to "resolve the previously contradictory conditions of dream and reality." Artists painted illogical scenes and strange creatures from everyday objects and developed painting techniques that allowed the world of unconscious described by Freud to express itself (occult sciences, hypnotism, madness), also a concept or an idea with elements of surprise, unexpected juxtapositions, amazing mysteries, enigmatic preoccupations, illogical or unreal characters and leakages to infinity. Artists: Salvador Dalí y Joan Miró.
ABSTRACT ART: Artistic movement of the early 20th century that uses a visual language of form, color and line to create a composition which may exist with a degree of independence from visual references in the world. The decorative element gains importance and so that Realism is just the opposite.Artists: Wassily Kandinsky, Piet Mondrian y Kazimir Malevitch.
The crash of 1929
The Interwar Period (1919-1939) (Edpuzzle)
The Great Depression
Portals 7: Totalitarianisms.
Vocabulary
STALIN: Leader of the Soviet Union that consolidated power after Lenin’s death expanding the functions of his role, eliminating any opposition through great purges. The concept of “socialism in one country” became a central tenet of Soviet society. He introduced a highly centralized command economy, launching a period of industrialization that resulted in the rapid transformation of the USSR from an agrarian society into an industrial power. However, these changes coincided with the imprisonment of millions of people camps and the deportation of many others to Siberia.
MEIN KAMPF: (“My struggle”) Autobiographical manifesto by Nazi leader Adolf Hitler, who began dictating to his deputy Rudolf Hess while imprisoned after his failed Putsch in Munich. He outlines in this book the political ideology that gave rise to the ‘25 point program’ of the NSGWP (National Socialist German Workers' Party).
Totalitarianisms
Pink Floyd: The Wall
Hitler: first speech as chancellor
Portal 8: The Second World War.
Vocabulary
NEW DEAL: A series of domestic programs enacted in the United States during the first term of President F.D. Roosevelt in response to the Great Depression and focused on a relief for the unemployed and poor, the recovery of the economy to normal levels and a reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression.
BLITZKRIEG: (“Lightning war”) German term describing a method of warfare whereby an attacking force spearheaded by a dense concentration of armored and motorized or mechanic infantry formations, and heavily backed up by close air support, forces a breakthrough into the enemy's line of defense through a series of short, fast, powerful attacks. It was used by the Wehrmacht (Armed Forced of Germany) on the campaigns of Poland, France and Russian Eastern Front.
The Second World War (1939-1945)
World War II
World War II in 7 Minutes